Undescended Testis Disease
Undescended Testis, medically known as Cryptorchidism, is a condition in which one or both testicles fail to move into the scrotum before birth. This condition is commonly seen in newborn boys and can affect fertility and increase the risk of testicular problems if left untreated.
Causes & Risk Factors
The exact cause of undescended testis is not always known, but certain factors may increase the risk, such as:
- Premature birth (before 37 weeks)
- Low birth weight
- Family history of undescended testis
- Hormonal imbalances during fetal development
Symptoms
- One or both testicles not visible or palpable in the scrotum
- Empty or smaller scrotum on one side
- Occasionally, discomfort or pain in the groin area
Diagnosis
A pediatric or urologic examination helps confirm the condition. In some cases, ultrasound or laparoscopy may be performed to locate the undescended testicle.
Treatment Options
Early treatment (preferably before 1 year of age) is crucial for best outcomes.
- Hormonal Therapy: Used in some cases to stimulate testicular descent.
- Surgical Treatment (Orchiopexy): The most common and effective procedure where the testicle is gently moved and fixed in the scrotum.
Why Early Treatment Matters
- Preserves fertility and testicular function
- Reduces risk of cancer
- Prevents hernias and other complications
- Boosts psychological and physical development
